Cardiovascular

The vision of the British Heart Foundation is of a world in which people do not die prematurely of heart disease. The charity, which was created in 1961, hopes to achieve this through pioneering research, vital prevention activity and by…

Carotid endarterectomy is a surgical procedure in which an atherosclerotic plaque is removed from the carotid artery to avoid future stroke. A small proportion of patients will have adverse effects from surgery and need emergency…

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a common condition, particularly among older patients, and is associated with a high rate of mortality and morbidity. In the first part of this article, we reviewed the diagnostic tools and medical therapies…

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a common syndrome, and its symptoms include exercise intolerance due to breathlessness and fatigue with cardiac dysfunction. As a group, patients with CHF suffer ongoing symptoms, recurrent hospitalisations…

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a common condition, particularly among older patients, and is associated with a high rate of mortality and morbidity. In the first part of this article, we reviewed the diagnostic tools and medical therapies…

Postprandial hypotension is commonly defined as a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 20mmHg or more observed within two hours after meal ingestion. It is very common in older patients especially in those living in long-term healthcare…

Diabetes is a major healthcare challenge for both primary and secondary care, affecting approximately one in 10 people over 65 years of age. An estimated 25% of people with diabetes undergo surgical procedures, often as a result of…

Superficial thrombophlebitis (phlebitis) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) are both common conditions and they share some clinical features and risk factors. It is important to differentiate between the two disorders because they are managed…

Chronic heart failure is a common condition, with high mortality rates and poor prognosis if not treated aggressively. Numerous comorbidities may co-exist and should all be given equal consideration when treating patients. In this review,…

The Counterweight Project was launched in 2000 as the result of a national group of consultant physicians recognising the need to tackle obesity management in primary care. Counterweight is the only fully evaluated, evidence based primary…

The importance of exercise for older people is great. Exercise delays the onset of a variety of diseases, increases performance and quality of life, reduces dependency and prolongs life. There is a dose€“response relationship between the…

A number of new antidiabetic medications have been launched in recent years. However, these are more expensive than standard treatments until they come off patent. Doctors are under pressure to keep costs down and this is reflected in the…

Diabetes is a leading cause of premature death in elderly populations, often indirectly due to microvascular and macrovascular complications. Treatment is aimed at improving glycaemic control, whilst simultaneously managing associated…

The prevalence of heart failure is increasing due to an ageing population and success in delaying coronary events through primary and secondary prevention. New-onset or acute chronic decompensation resulting in hospitalisation represents a…

Obesity has increased dramatically in the UK because of the ageing population alongside the general secular trend for weight gain across all age groups. Obesity exacerbates all the complications of old age and has a great impact on people's…