Assessment of lower urinary tract symptoms in younger men

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are common in the ageing male and represent a significant burden on both the patient and the healthcare system worldwide.1,2 Accordingly, the majority of clinical trials and guidelines focus on the older patient, despite the fact that men below these ages will also present with many of the same symptoms. In this review, the authors explore the challenges of assessing and managing men below 50 years with LUTS. The aetiology of LUTS is multifactorial with causes attributed to dysfunction of the bladder and its outlet – including the prostate, urethra and sphincter; the neurological innervation